绿色建筑经济激励政策分析

绿色建筑难以推广的原因是绿色建筑的经济外部性问题,而解决外部性问题的通常做法是政府干预。我们从经济学的角度,对经济激励政策的原理进行了分析,除此之外,还重点对绿色建筑的外部经济性和非绿色建筑的外部不经济性进行剖析,最后我们提出了一些促进绿色建筑产业发展的建议。     

中小企业产业集群与绿色物流战略发展研究

产业集群对中小企业和所在地区的发展提供了一定的发展环境。现代物流的迅速发展不仅推动了产业集群区经济的发展，而且对区域环境的保护和可持续性发展起到了一定的推动作用；认识产业集群区绿色物流，从政府和企业两个方面采取措施实施绿色物流，是中小企业可持续发展的保障之一。     

厦门市绿地生态网络构建及优化策略

科学构建城市绿地生态网络，对区域生态安全、城 市可持续发展及生物多样性保护具有重要意义。基于AHP法 和GIS技术，定量分析厦门市自然生态本底，选取重要生态斑 块和廊道，采用最小费用路径法模拟潜在廊道，综合构建城 市绿地生态网络，并提出绿地生态网络优化策略。结果表明： 1)AHP法可整合区域生态、经济、人文和社会等资源，全面 客观评价现状生态斑块和廊道的重要程度；最小费用路径法可 根据生境分布特征科学模拟连通各斑块之间的潜在廊道；2)厦 门市西北部的生态基底适宜性、生态源地及廊道重要性、斑块 之间有效连通性均高于东北部及中部平原区；岛内斑块面积小 且分散，南北部存在断层现象，应适度增加踏脚石和连通廊 道；3)结合城市生态发展需求，提出构建“一片、一环、三 带、多廊道、多节点”的城市绿地生态网络。研究结果可为厦 门市绿地系统规划提供科学依据。     

公众参与城市绿色空间管理维护 ——以坦纳斯普瑞公园为例

“公众参与”广泛应用于以美国为代表的西方现代景观规划设计领域。随着社会的发展在美国等国相继出现“公众参与”城市绿色空间管理维护的趋势，人们逐渐意识到管理维护对城市绿色空间的重要性。以美国波特兰市坦纳斯普瑞公园为典型案例，通过实地调查、文献研究、访谈、归纳推理等研究方法，从公园建设背景、设计特色出发，回顾“公众参与”前管理维护的困境，阐述“朋友和伙伴”项目的发展历程、工作内容及成效，总结“公众参与”后期维护管理的意义，分析成功推行的原因。“公众参与”有助于解决目前中国城市公园管理维护面临的投入资金不足、游人素质偏低等问题，对未来城市公园管理工作的发展具有重要启示意义。     

Building the Knowledge Stock: Lags,Depreciation, and Uncertainty in R&D Investment and Link with Productivity Growth

The search for an appropriate methodology to investigate the relation between R&D investment, knowledge stock and productivity growth is the main purpose of the paper. In analogy with physical assets, we present a model of knowledge capital formation which allows the calculation of the relevant user cost, as well. The proposed model accumulates R&D investment based on a stochastic gestation lag and a geometric depreciation of the stock. The basic parameters underlying the lag structure differ according to the types of research expenditure. The approach is applied to public R&D investment in Italian agriculture; the results provide interesting information about the economic structure of public research effort in Italian agriculture and plausible estimates of its internal rate of return.     

Government Consumption and Industrial Productivity: Scale and Compositional Effects

Within a production function framework in which government spending produces public goods which enter firms production functions, empirical tests using time series data spanning eleven countries and thirty industries find both the scale and the composition of government consumption spending to affect the level and the rate of growth of total factor productivity at the industry level.Jel Classification: H50, D24     

Productivity Growth, Efficiency and Outsourcing in Manufacturing and Service Industries

This paper is a survey of recent contributions to, and developments of, the relationship between outsourcing, efficiency and productivity growth in manufacturing and services. The objective is to provide a thorough and up–to–date survey that provides a significant discussion on data, as well as on the core methods of measuring efficiency and productivity. First, the readers are introduced to the measurement of partial and total factor productivity growth. Different parametric and non–parametric approaches to the productivity measurement in the context of static, dynamic and firm–specific modelling are discussed. Second, we survey the econometric approach to efficiency analysis. The issues of modelling, distributional assumptions and estimation methods are discussed assuming that cross–sectional or panel data are available. Third, the relationship between outsourcing and productivity growth in manufacturing and services is discussed. The correspondence between a number of hypotheses and empirical findings are examined. Examples of varieties of relevant empirical applications, their findings and implications are presented. Fourth, measurement of inputs and outputs in manufacturing and services are discussed. Finally, to promote useful research, a number of factors important to the analysis of outsourcing, efficiency and productivity growth in the service sector are summarised.     

绿色逆向物流管理有效途径研究

绿色逆向物流管理的主要目的是充分节约和利用资源与能源，保护生态环境，提高经济效益，最终实现可持续发展的战略方针。在对绿色逆向物流管理的内涵及必要性分析的基础上，提出废弃物最小化管理、商品回流量最小化管理、逆向物流信息化管理和逆向物流绿色管理等绿色逆向物流管理的有效实现途径。     

广东省流通服务业资本边际生产率变动趋势研究

为研究资本要素在广东省流通服务业中的使用和配置效率问题,首先运用永续盘存法估算出历年广东流通服务业中各行业以不变价计算的固定资本存量,再以收入法估算出历年行业的资本边际贡献份额,并计算了行业的不变价增加值,在此基础上估计出1993年~2003年10年间各行业的资本边际生产率。结果表明:这些行业的资本边际生产率在这10年间呈明显的上升趋势,即资本的使用效率在提高,但交通运输业的资本边际生产率偏低,且行业间的资本边际生产率差异增大,行业间资本的配置效率下降。     

可持续发展与绿色施工

在施工阶段落实可持续发展思想对促进建筑业可持续发展具有重要的作用。绿色施工正是可持续发展思想在工程施工中应用的主要体现。分析了绿色施工的重要意义及概念，提出了绿色施工原则和一些有用的绿色施工技术措施。